Sei Network has published version two of its Giga Whitepaper, expanding on its vision for a high-performance layer-1 blockchain built for trading with faster transaction finality, enhanced privacy, and protocol-level protections against maximal extractable value (MEV).
The updated document outlines several architectural changes from the initial proposal, including reducing the targeted finality to below 250 milliseconds, down from the previously stated 400 milliseconds. According to Sei Labs, the improvements are intended to increase throughput while making transaction processing more predictable for traders and developers.
Giga V2 Introduces Privacy and Execution Upgrades
At the core of the redesign is Autobahn, a consensus mechanism that separates transaction ordering from execution and state attestation. Under the proposed architecture, transactions achieve ordering finality before execution completes, allowing block production to continue without delay from computationally intensive workloads.
The whitepaper also introduces Sedna, a pre-execution privacy framework designed to address MEV risks specific to multi-proposer blockchains. Rather than exposing complete transaction data to individual proposers, Sedna fragments transactions across multiple proposer lanes, with reconstruction occurring only after the network reaches finality. Sei says this approach preserves transaction privacy without relying on encrypted mempools or threshold decryption.
Deterministic transaction ordering is another key addition. Giga’s proposed ordering model derives a canonical transaction sequence from finalized data using predefined merge rules, enabling every network participant to reconstruct the same execution order.
Trading-focused Architecture Targets Higher Throughput
Beyond consensus changes, Giga V2 replaces the traditional Merkle Patricia Trie with a flat log-structured merge (LSM)-based key-value store and introduces a tiered hot, warm, and cold storage architecture. The design also incorporates divergence commitments over write logs to reduce computational overhead during state updates.
On the execution layer, Sei plans to implement Block-STM parallel execution with optimistic concurrency control, as well as pipelined transaction parsing, address recovery, and signature verification. Combined, the architecture is designed to support throughput exceeding 200,000 transactions per second.
The whitepaper also outlines future research areas, including a production version of Sedna with the PIVOT-K incentive layer, additional Autobahn consensus enhancements, a full transaction fee mechanism, post-quantum cryptography alternatives beyond ML-DSA, and Giga’s tokenomics.
The release had a muted immediate impact on the market. At the time of publication, the SEI token was up about 0.26% over the previous 24 hours, while trading volume had increased roughly 32%, indicating stronger market activity following the announcement.
READ MORE: Lighter Price Prediction: LIT Eyes $2.50 After Robinhood Catalyst
